💡 We use 'has been training' because the training started in the past and is still happening now. The pattern is has/have + been + verb-ing. 'Trained' is past simple — it sounds finished. 'Has trained' is Present Perfect Simple. 'Is training' has no 'since/for' connection to the past.

🇮🇹 Note for Italian speakers: In Italian you might use the present tense here ('si allena da sei mesi'). In English, you must use 'has been training' to show the action started in the past and continues now.

💡 We use 'have been following' because the action started at a point in the past (January) and is still going on. 'Follow' is present simple — wrong for past-to-now duration. 'Followed' is past simple — sounds finished. 'Am following' is present continuous — it doesn't connect to the past.

🇮🇹 Note for Italian speakers: 'Since January' tells us when the action started. In Italian you use 'da gennaio' with the present tense, but in English you need 'have been following'.

💡 We use 'for' with a period of time (three years). 'Since' goes with a starting point, not a period. 'Ago' goes with past simple, not Present Perfect Continuous. 'From' is not used in this pattern.

💡 We use 'since' with a starting point in the past (last summer). 'For' goes with a period of time, not a specific point. 'Ago' is used with past simple. 'From' does not fit this structure.

💡 After 'has', we need 'been + verb-ing' to form the Present Perfect Continuous. 'Working' alone misses 'been'. 'Worked' makes Present Perfect Simple — it sounds like a finished experience. 'Work' is the base form and is wrong here.

💡 We use 'have been running' because the action started in March and still continues. 'Run' is present simple — wrong for past-to-now duration. 'Were running' is past continuous — it suggests the action is finished. 'Have run' is Present Perfect Simple — it focuses on the result, not the ongoing action.

💡 We use 'for' with a period of time (two months). 'Since' needs a starting point, not a period. 'During' tells us when something happened, not how long. 'In' does not fit this structure.

💡 We use 'since' before a clause that gives a starting point ('she started her wellbeing programme'). 'For' goes with a period of time, not a clause. 'While' means 'at the same time as'. 'Until' means 'up to a point', which changes the meaning.

💡 After 'have been', we always use verb-ing. 'Going' is correct. 'Gone' is the past participle — it makes no sense here. 'Go' is the base form — wrong after 'have been'. 'Went' is past simple.

💡 We use 'since' before a starting point ('the season started'). 'For' goes with a period of time, not a clause. 'From' is not used in this pattern. 'During' says when something happened, not how long it has been going on.

💡 We use 'has been meal prepping' because the action is repeated and ongoing — it started a year ago and still continues. 'Meal prepped' is past simple — sounds finished. 'Has meal prepped' is Present Perfect Simple. 'Is meal prepping' is present continuous — it doesn't connect to the past.

💡 We use 'for' with a period of time ('a long time'). 'Since' needs a specific starting point. 'Ago' is used with past simple. 'By' shows a deadline, not a duration.

💡 We use 'has been attending' because the action started when he moved and is still happening. 'Attends' is present simple — it doesn't show the past-to-now link. 'Attended' is past simple — sounds finished. 'Was attending' is past continuous — it suggests the action stopped.

🇮🇹 Note for Italian speakers: In Italian you might say 'frequenta le sessioni da quando si è trasferito' using the present tense. In English, you must use 'has been attending' to show the action is still going on.

💡 We use 'have been running' because the running started an hour ago and is still happening now. 'Ran' is past simple — sounds finished. 'Am running' is present continuous — it doesn't connect to the past. 'Have run' is Present Perfect Simple — it focuses on a result, not the ongoing action.

🇮🇹 Note for Italian speakers: 'Corro da un'ora' uses the present tense in Italian. In English, you need 'have been running' to show the action started in the past and is still going on.

💡 We use 'for' with a period of time (six weeks). 'Since' needs a starting point, not a period. 'Ago' is used with past simple. 'During' says when something happened, not how long it lasted.

💡 We use 'have been keeping' because the action started when they began meal prepping and is still continuing. 'Kept' is past simple — sounds finished. 'Keep' is present simple — wrong for past-to-now duration. 'Have kept' is Present Perfect Simple.

💡 We use 'have you been doing' to ask about an ongoing action that started in the past. 'Are you doing' is present continuous — no past-to-now link. 'Did you do' is past simple — suggests the action is finished. 'Have you done' is Present Perfect Simple.

💡 After 'has been', we always use verb-ing. 'Planning' is correct. 'Plan' is the base form — wrong after 'has been'. 'Planned' is the past participle — it makes Present Perfect Simple. 'Plans' is present simple.

💡 We use 'have been avoiding' because the action started in the past (when the doctor gave advice) and is still going on. 'Avoided' is past simple — sounds finished. 'Avoid' is present simple — no past-to-now link. 'Was avoiding' is past continuous — it suggests the action stopped.

🇮🇹 Note for Italian speakers: In Italian you might use 'evito' (present tense) here. In English, you need 'have been avoiding' to show the action started in the past and continues now.

💡 We use 'for' with a period of time (three months). 'Since' needs a specific starting point, not a period. 'In' and 'by' do not fit this structure.

💡 We use 'has been practising' — the correct form is has/have + been + verb-ing. 'Has been practise' uses the base form, not verb-ing. 'Have been practising' uses the wrong auxiliary for 'he' — it should be 'has'. 'Has practising' omits 'been'.

💡 We use 'since' before a specific year (a starting point). 'For' goes with a period of time, not a year. 'From' is not used in this pattern. 'In' does not connect a starting point to the present.

💡 We use 'have been going' because the repeated action started earlier this week and is still ongoing. 'Went' is past simple — sounds finished. 'Go' is present simple — no past-to-now link. 'Am going' is present continuous — it doesn't connect to the past.

🇮🇹 Note for Italian speakers: In Italian you might say 'vado' (present tense). In English, 'have been going' shows the repeated action started in the past and continues into the present.

💡 We use 'has been prioritising' — has + been + verb-ing — because the action started years ago and still continues. 'Is prioritising' is present continuous — no past link. 'Prioritised' is past simple — sounds finished. 'Has been prioritise' uses the base form instead of verb-ing.